{
 "meta": {
  "title": "Canada Housing Contagion Tracker",
  "sources": [
   "Statistics Canada table 18-10-0205-01, New Housing Price Index, monthly 1981-2026 (Dec 2016=100)",
   "Statistics Canada table 98-10-0003-01, 2021 Census populations by CMA",
   "Distances: great-circle km from Union Station, Toronto, via OpenStreetMap Nominatim coordinates"
  ],
  "gaps": [
   "Resale price levels are proprietary (Teranet, CREA) and are not used; no price-to-income LEVELS are computed.",
   "Census median dwelling values by CMA are not available in an accessible StatCan table; NHPI (new housing only) is the price series.",
   "Barrie and Brantford CMAs are not covered by NHPI; they appear with population and distance only.",
   "No annual CMA household income series is used; the tracker measures relative price movement, the direct test of the wave thesis."
  ],
  "built": "2026-10-09"
 },
 "cities": [
  {
   "id": "toronto",
   "name": "Toronto",
   "cma": "Toronto, Ontario",
   "distance_km": 0.0,
   "population_2021": 6202225,
   "nhpi_coverage": true
  },
  {
   "id": "oshawa",
   "name": "Oshawa",
   "cma": "Oshawa, Ontario",
   "distance_km": 50.1,
   "population_2021": 415311,
   "nhpi_coverage": true
  },
  {
   "id": "hamilton",
   "name": "Hamilton",
   "cma": "Hamilton, Ontario",
   "distance_km": 58.7,
   "population_2021": 785184,
   "nhpi_coverage": true
  },
  {
   "id": "guelph",
   "name": "Guelph",
   "cma": "Guelph, Ontario",
   "distance_km": 70.9,
   "population_2021": 165588,
   "nhpi_coverage": true
  },
  {
   "id": "kitchener-waterloo",
   "name": "Kitchener-Waterloo",
   "cma": "Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo, Ontario",
   "distance_km": 86.6,
   "population_2021": 575847,
   "nhpi_coverage": true
  },
  {
   "id": "barrie",
   "name": "Barrie",
   "cma": "Barrie, Ontario",
   "distance_km": 86.4,
   "population_2021": 212856,
   "nhpi_coverage": false
  },
  {
   "id": "brantford",
   "name": "Brantford",
   "cma": "Brantford, Ontario",
   "distance_km": 90.7,
   "population_2021": 144162,
   "nhpi_coverage": false
  }
 ],
 "series": {
  "Toronto": [
   {
    "year": 1981,
    "index_2017": 30.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1982,
    "index_2017": 30.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1983,
    "index_2017": 29.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 29.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1984,
    "index_2017": 29.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 29.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1985,
    "index_2017": 30.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1986,
    "index_2017": 35.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 35.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1987,
    "index_2017": 44.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 44.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1988,
    "index_2017": 52.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 52.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1989,
    "index_2017": 63.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 63.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1990,
    "index_2017": 61.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 61.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1991,
    "index_2017": 52.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 52.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1992,
    "index_2017": 49.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 49.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1993,
    "index_2017": 48.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1994,
    "index_2017": 48.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1995,
    "index_2017": 48.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1996,
    "index_2017": 48.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1997,
    "index_2017": 49.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 49.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1998,
    "index_2017": 50.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 50.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 1999,
    "index_2017": 51.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 51.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2000,
    "index_2017": 53.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 53.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2001,
    "index_2017": 54.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 54.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2002,
    "index_2017": 56.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 56.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2003,
    "index_2017": 59.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 59.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2004,
    "index_2017": 62.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 62.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2005,
    "index_2017": 65.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 65.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2006,
    "index_2017": 67.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 67.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2007,
    "index_2017": 69.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 69.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2008,
    "index_2017": 72.1,
    "toronto_index_2017": 72.1,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2009,
    "index_2017": 72.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 72.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2010,
    "index_2017": 73.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 73.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2011,
    "index_2017": 77.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 77.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2012,
    "index_2017": 81.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 81.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2013,
    "index_2017": 83.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 83.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2014,
    "index_2017": 85.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 85.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2015,
    "index_2017": 87.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 87.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2016,
    "index_2017": 93.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 93.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2017,
    "index_2017": 100.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 100.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2018,
    "index_2017": 99.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2019,
    "index_2017": 99.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2020,
    "index_2017": 99.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2021,
    "index_2017": 106.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 106.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2022,
    "index_2017": 111.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2023,
    "index_2017": 111.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2024,
    "index_2017": 110.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 110.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2025,
    "index_2017": 107.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 107.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2026,
    "index_2017": 102.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 102.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   }
  ],
  "Oshawa": [
   {
    "year": 2016,
    "index_2017": 96.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 93.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.038
   },
   {
    "year": 2017,
    "index_2017": 100.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 100.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2018,
    "index_2017": 101.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.012
   },
   {
    "year": 2019,
    "index_2017": 100.1,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.011
   },
   {
    "year": 2020,
    "index_2017": 101.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.019
   },
   {
    "year": 2021,
    "index_2017": 113.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 106.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.061
   },
   {
    "year": 2022,
    "index_2017": 118.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.06
   },
   {
    "year": 2023,
    "index_2017": 117.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.059
   },
   {
    "year": 2024,
    "index_2017": 117.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 110.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.066
   },
   {
    "year": 2025,
    "index_2017": 115.1,
    "toronto_index_2017": 107.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.074
   },
   {
    "year": 2026,
    "index_2017": 110.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 102.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.076
   }
  ],
  "Hamilton": [
   {
    "year": 1981,
    "index_2017": 31.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.032
   },
   {
    "year": 1982,
    "index_2017": 33.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.082
   },
   {
    "year": 1983,
    "index_2017": 34.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 29.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.18
   },
   {
    "year": 1984,
    "index_2017": 36.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 29.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.233
   },
   {
    "year": 1985,
    "index_2017": 38.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.264
   },
   {
    "year": 1986,
    "index_2017": 42.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 35.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.195
   },
   {
    "year": 1987,
    "index_2017": 49.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 44.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.107
   },
   {
    "year": 1988,
    "index_2017": 55.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 52.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.058
   },
   {
    "year": 1989,
    "index_2017": 60.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 63.9,
    "vs_toronto": 0.938
   },
   {
    "year": 1990,
    "index_2017": 61.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 61.5,
    "vs_toronto": 0.997
   },
   {
    "year": 1991,
    "index_2017": 57.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 52.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.105
   },
   {
    "year": 1992,
    "index_2017": 55.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 49.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.114
   },
   {
    "year": 1993,
    "index_2017": 54.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.112
   },
   {
    "year": 1994,
    "index_2017": 54.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.111
   },
   {
    "year": 1995,
    "index_2017": 53.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.091
   },
   {
    "year": 1996,
    "index_2017": 52.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.095
   },
   {
    "year": 1997,
    "index_2017": 55.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 49.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.114
   },
   {
    "year": 1998,
    "index_2017": 56.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 50.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.115
   },
   {
    "year": 1999,
    "index_2017": 57.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 51.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.106
   },
   {
    "year": 2000,
    "index_2017": 58.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 53.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.104
   },
   {
    "year": 2001,
    "index_2017": 60.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 54.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.1
   },
   {
    "year": 2002,
    "index_2017": 62.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 56.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.111
   },
   {
    "year": 2003,
    "index_2017": 66.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 59.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.128
   },
   {
    "year": 2004,
    "index_2017": 70.1,
    "toronto_index_2017": 62.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.122
   },
   {
    "year": 2005,
    "index_2017": 74.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 65.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.134
   },
   {
    "year": 2006,
    "index_2017": 78.1,
    "toronto_index_2017": 67.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.153
   },
   {
    "year": 2007,
    "index_2017": 81.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 69.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.173
   },
   {
    "year": 2008,
    "index_2017": 83.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 72.1,
    "vs_toronto": 1.164
   },
   {
    "year": 2009,
    "index_2017": 83.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 72.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.153
   },
   {
    "year": 2010,
    "index_2017": 84.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 73.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.142
   },
   {
    "year": 2011,
    "index_2017": 85.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 77.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.101
   },
   {
    "year": 2012,
    "index_2017": 86.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 81.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.063
   },
   {
    "year": 2013,
    "index_2017": 88.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 83.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.063
   },
   {
    "year": 2014,
    "index_2017": 90.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 85.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.069
   },
   {
    "year": 2015,
    "index_2017": 93.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 87.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.07
   },
   {
    "year": 2016,
    "index_2017": 96.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 93.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.034
   },
   {
    "year": 2017,
    "index_2017": 100.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 100.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2018,
    "index_2017": 101.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.014
   },
   {
    "year": 2019,
    "index_2017": 101.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.03
   },
   {
    "year": 2020,
    "index_2017": 104.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.05
   },
   {
    "year": 2021,
    "index_2017": 113.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 106.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.065
   },
   {
    "year": 2022,
    "index_2017": 113.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.023
   },
   {
    "year": 2023,
    "index_2017": 112.9,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.017
   },
   {
    "year": 2024,
    "index_2017": 111.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 110.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.013
   },
   {
    "year": 2025,
    "index_2017": 109.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 107.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.024
   },
   {
    "year": 2026,
    "index_2017": 106.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 102.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.03
   }
  ],
  "Guelph": [
   {
    "year": 2016,
    "index_2017": 96.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 93.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.035
   },
   {
    "year": 2017,
    "index_2017": 100.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 100.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.0
   },
   {
    "year": 2018,
    "index_2017": 101.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.014
   },
   {
    "year": 2019,
    "index_2017": 102.1,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.031
   },
   {
    "year": 2020,
    "index_2017": 106.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 99.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.066
   },
   {
    "year": 2021,
    "index_2017": 117.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 106.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.1
   },
   {
    "year": 2022,
    "index_2017": 119.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.075
   },
   {
    "year": 2023,
    "index_2017": 119.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 111.0,
    "vs_toronto": 1.071
   },
   {
    "year": 2024,
    "index_2017": 118.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 110.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.075
   },
   {
    "year": 2025,
    "index_2017": 117.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 107.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.095
   },
   {
    "year": 2026,
    "index_2017": 115.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 102.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.117
   }
  ],
  "Kitchener-Waterloo": [
   {
    "year": 1981,
    "index_2017": 33.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.113
   },
   {
    "year": 1982,
    "index_2017": 35.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.138
   },
   {
    "year": 1983,
    "index_2017": 36.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 29.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.249
   },
   {
    "year": 1984,
    "index_2017": 38.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 29.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.289
   },
   {
    "year": 1985,
    "index_2017": 41.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 30.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.367
   },
   {
    "year": 1986,
    "index_2017": 47.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 35.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.341
   },
   {
    "year": 1987,
    "index_2017": 54.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 44.8,
    "vs_toronto": 1.215
   },
   {
    "year": 1988,
    "index_2017": 59.3,
    "toronto_index_2017": 52.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.135
   },
   {
    "year": 1989,
    "index_2017": 65.4,
    "toronto_index_2017": 63.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.024
   },
   {
    "year": 1990,
    "index_2017": 66.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 61.5,
    "vs_toronto": 1.085
   },
   {
    "year": 1991,
    "index_2017": 61.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 52.2,
    "vs_toronto": 1.178
   },
   {
    "year": 1992,
    "index_2017": 59.7,
    "toronto_index_2017": 49.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.195
   },
   {
    "year": 1993,
    "index_2017": 60.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.7,
    "vs_toronto": 1.235
   },
   {
    "year": 1994,
    "index_2017": 58.6,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.6,
    "vs_toronto": 1.206
   },
   {
    "year": 1995,
    "index_2017": 58.2,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.19
   },
   {
    "year": 1996,
    "index_2017": 58.0,
    "toronto_index_2017": 48.3,
    "vs_toronto": 1.201
   },
   {
    "year": 1997,
    "index_2017": 58.5,
    "toronto_index_2017": 49.4,
    "vs_toronto": 1.185
   },
   {
    "year": 1998,
    "index_2017": 59.8,
    "toronto_index_2017": 50.9,
    "vs_toronto": 1.174
   },
   {
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}